DSN
Вернуться к: MDB2
DSN
To connect to a database through PEAR::MDB2, you have to create a valid DSN - data source name. This DSN consists in the following parts:
- phptype: Database backend used in PHP (i.e. mysql , pgsql etc.)
- dbsyntax: Database used with regards to SQL syntax etc.
- protocol: Communication protocol to use ( i.e. tcp, unix etc.)
- hostspec: Host specification (hostname[:port])
- database: Database to use on the DBMS server
- username: User name for login
- password: Password for login
- proto_opts: Maybe used with protocol
- option: Additional connection options in URI query string format. options get separated by &. The Following table shows a non complete list of options:
| Name | Description | Type |
|---|---|---|
| charset | Some backends support setting the client charset. (Invokes setCharset(string $charset, [resource $connection = null]) | string |
| new_link [boolean] | Some RDBMS do not create new connections when connecting to the same host multiple times. If this option is set to TRUE it will attempt to force a new connection. | boolean |
The DSN can either be provided as an associative array or as a string. The array format is preferred, since it doesn't require a further parsing step (see the Connecting chapter for an example). The string format of the supplied DSN is in its fullest form:
phptype(dbsyntax)://username:password@protocol+hostspec/database?option=value
Most variations are allowed:
phptype://username:password@protocol+hostspec:110//usr/db_file.db phptype://username:password@hostspec/database phptype://username:password@hostspec phptype://username@hostspec phptype://hostspec/database phptype://hostspec phptype:///database phptype:///database?option=value&anotheroption=anothervalue phptype(dbsyntax) phptype
The currently supported database backends are:
fbsql -> FrontBase ibase -> InterBase / Firebird (requires PHP 5) mssql -> Microsoft SQL Server (NOT for Sybase. Compile PHP --with-mssql) mysql -> MySQL mysqli -> MySQL (supports new authentication protocol) (requires PHP 5) oci8 -> Oracle 7/8/9/10 pgsql -> PostgreSQL querysim -> QuerySim sqlite -> SQLite 2
A second DSN format is supported
phptype(syntax)://user:pass@protocol(proto_opts)/database
If your database, option values, username or password contain characters used to delineate DSN parts, you can escape them via URI hex encodings:
: = %3a / = %2f @ = %40 + = %2b ( = %28 ) = %29 ? = %3f = = %3d & = %26
Please note, that some features may be not supported by all database backends.
Example
Connect to database through a socket
mysql://user@unix(/path/to/socket)/pear
Connect to database on a non standard port
pgsql://user:pass@tcp(localhost:5555)/pear
Connect to SQLite on a Unix machine using options
sqlite:////full/unix/path/to/file.db?mode=0666
Connect to SQLite on a Windows machine using options
sqlite:///c:/full/windows/path/to/file.db?mode=0666
Connect to MySQLi using SSL
mysqli://user:pass@localhost/pear?key=client-key.pem&cert=client-cert.pem
Connect to Oracle using Service name
oci8://username:password@foo.example.com[:port]/?service=service
Connect to Oracle using "Easy Connect" syntax
username/password@[//]host[:port][/service_name]
Вернуться к: MDB2